Gongyuan.
A civil service examination representing the highest level of Ming Dynasty is underway.
The first session, the text of the four books and the meaning of the scriptures.
In the examination room, a soldier who was invigilating the examination walked inside from the area near the gate and saw a man holding his hair in his hands in a daze. When he came back, he found that the man was still there in a daze. , not even moving his eyes.
"It's strange."
The soldier whispered.
When entering the venue, both the officials and the soldiers clearly saw that the examinee relied on the guards to clear the way to occupy the dormitory. He had the best position. He was the second one to the side. If he did not occupy the first place, he would take I don't mean to show off, so that the wind won't be too strong when I rest at night.
The soldier was puzzled, thinking that this candidate had something to do with Jinyiwei, or was a military household, and someone in his family came to take a seat.
Then the soldiers went inside to patrol again.
This person is naturally Zhang Zhou.
Outside the Gongyuan, people inside and outside the court were making plans for the war in the northwest. The emperor was worried, and the ministers had to share their worries.
On the other hand, Zhang Zhou was studying the questions he was facing, and which questions might involve "chaotic questions."
His focus is obviously different from that of ordinary candidates.
There is plenty of time for this exam. The first exam can take three days. The "resources" brought are very complete. Not only the food is the best, but also charcoal is brought. The red charcoal used in the palace is absolutely smokeless and odorless, and the heating effect is first-rate. Even the porridge here comes with longan and lotus seeds. I asked who can compare with this condition?
The conditions are good, but the question is At that time, it was obvious that he was a little absent-minded.
He did not write a word all morning.
In front of me are three major questions on the Four Books, one each on the Analects of Confucius and Mencius, and one on the Doctrine of the Mean.
The title of the Analects of Confucius seems to be relatively simple: "The Master said that reciting three hundred poems and teaching them how to govern is not up to the mark. They can be used in all directions and cannot be targeted. Although there are many, they are also ridiculed."
< p> Meaning, Confucius said that if he could recite three hundred poems proficiently, he would be given an official position and asked to handle government affairs, but the result was that he would not be able to do it. He would be sent as envoys to all directions, and he would not be able to handle diplomatic matters independently. Then the question arises, even if you read a lot, what is the use?This is about applying what you have learned.
Zhang Zhou thought about it and realized that this question didn’t look like Cheng Minzheng’s style.
It sounds like Li Dongyang is satirizing Cheng Minzheng because he only knows how to study and cannot be an official. Unless Cheng Minzheng is naive and thinks that he is good at handling official affairs, he will not use his shortcomings to make questions. , it is unrealistic for this question to involve a vend question.
The second question is from Mencius: "Confucius said: The boy listened to the clear silk and washed the tassel, and the dirty silk was enough. He took it by himself. The wife will insult herself, and then others will insult her; the family will destroy itself. Later generations will destroy it; the country will attack itself, and then others will attack it. Taijia said that if heaven does evil, it can be violated; if you do evil by yourself, you will not live. "
This means.
Confucius said, "Disciples, listen carefully.If the water is clear, wash your hat and tassels; if the water is turbid, wash your feet. It actually depends on each person. "Therefore, a person must first cause self-destruction before others can insult him; a family must first have a cause for self-destruction before others can destroy it; a country must first have a cause for self-destruction before others can attack it. Shangshu Tai A said, “You can still escape the sins caused by heaven, but you can’t escape the sins caused by yourself. "That's exactly what it means.
Zhang Zhou carefully analyzed the purpose of this question.
This question is obviously a bit "off".
In general, the imperial examination questions of the Ming Dynasty were basically based on "benevolence, justice, etiquette, wisdom, trustworthiness", with the most questions on benevolence and etiquette, because among the two classics, the Analects of Confucius and Mencius, the content of benevolence and etiquette is the most extensive and the most comprehensive. Emphasis on pen and ink.
The first question may also have the meaning of encouraging learning to be applied, and it is relatively conservative.
The second question begins to go against the principle of cultivating the mind. , when it comes to the issue of heaven's evil and self-inflicted evil, Zhang Zhou thought for a while, is this implying that the Zhang brothers are destructive because of their own evil, or are they talking about me?
Even Zhu Xi's collection of commentaries on Mencius stated that his It means: "This chapter says that if the mind is present, it can be used to judge the gains and losses of the husband; if it is not present, it is impossible to distinguish between survival and death. Good fortune and misfortune are all brought about by oneself. ”
Probably a bit fatalistic.
Analysis from the perspective of the questioner.
Zhang Zhou feels that the direction of the second question is still Li Dongyang's style of criticizing the current situation
Three exams were conducted, with the four essay questions in the first exam being the most important, and they had the highest weight in the final admissions.
Literary major questions focused on the Analects of Confucius and Mencius. Zhang Zhou felt that these two questions were written by Li Dongyang. In fact, Cheng Minzheng was already on the weak side among the two main examiners in this examination. This pair This is not a good thing for Cheng Minzheng.
As the same examiner, Cheng Minzheng did not take the initiative in setting the questions. On the two most important questions, it was Li Dongyang.
But once those small questions are asked in a biased manner, people with intentions will target them
Just from these two questions, even if we don’t ignore the Five Classics questions, as well as the questions that will be asked in the next two games, especially the second one. After three rounds of policy questioning, Zhang Zhou could feel that the possibility of Cheng Minzheng being involved in the scandal was still very high. The main reason was that Cheng Minzheng was highly educated and well-known, but he had not integrated into the inner circle of official circles. /p>
This can be seen from the fact that Li Dongyang was responsible for all the important questions, while he was only responsible for some trivial questions.
The Four Books. The third question.
The golden question: "The world has five ways to achieve success, so those who practice it are three." It is called a monarch and his minister, a father and a son, a husband and a wife, a brother and a brother, and the acquaintance of friends. The fifth one is the Dao of the world. Knowledge, benevolence, and courage are the most virtuous in the world. So the one who does it is the same. Either you know it when you are born, you know it when you learn it, or you know it when you are trapped. Either do it safely, do it for benefit, or do it reluctantly, and it will be successful. ”
This topic, ZhangYou can tell it's Cheng Minzheng's style just by looking at it on Monday.
Talking about "wisdom, benevolence, and courage", and then talking about honesty and single-mindedness, and discussing this as a virtue
Probably only optimists like Cheng Minzheng, who like to study knowledge when they have nothing to do, Only then would questions be asked in the general examination to ask people to discuss how to achieve the standard of virtue. Professional politicians like Li Dongyang are too lazy to bother with this kind of thing.
At first glance, the second question on Mencius is a partial question.
But if you look carefully, this kind of question is called unnutritious.
It is estimated that those selected according to Cheng Minzheng's criteria for selecting officials were Tang Yin's kind of scholars who only valued the understanding of classics and meanings and were completely incompetent in governing the country and discussing important court affairs.
This is just as discussed in the first question of The Analects of Confucius. If you only know how to read and study knowledge thoroughly, you will not be able to be an official or a good person to govern the world.
Zhang Zhou wanted to say it.
You Cheng Minzheng is such a nerd
Questions from the Five Classics.
Zhang Zhou’s classic is Shangshu, and among the imperial examinations, the most candidates chose the Book of Songs as his classic, but the difference is not big.
Everyone’s scriptures are different, so the questions answered are different, and the discussion directions written in the Five Classics are also different, making it difficult to distinguish between high and low knowledge from the Five Classics examination questions.
Some people take paper A, and some people take paper B. Even if there is a standard scoring system, it can be said that people who score high in paper A must be more knowledgeable than people who score low in paper B
p>
What's more,
Those who take the classics and righteousness test are articles, that is, writing essays.
Unless the difference is really big, the scoring of the last five scriptures still depends on the marking officer’s preference.
Zhang Zhou discovered a lot of Cheng Minzheng's style of writing questions from the five classics, which is to talk about scholarship rather than governing the country. When he occasionally mentions governing the country, he also mentions benevolence, righteousness and moral standards in general, and uses this to The standard for good people to govern the country seems to be very biased.
Titles of the Four Books and Five Classics.
Zhang Zhou took a closer look and found that there should be none that could involve vendetta.
In other words, Cheng Minzheng is not qualified yet.
Unless someone makes a false accusation after the exam, saying that someone has taken the corresponding questions to spread the word outside the exam before the exam, and they are stuck on the idea, the question maker must be Cheng Minzheng. , which also has high requirements for candidates to analyze the way Li Dongyang and Cheng Minzheng act, as well as their status in the government.
A time traveler like Zhang Zhou is equivalent to someone who has summarized historical figures. It is very easy to analyze Li Dongyang and Cheng Minzheng.
Most of the candidates in Kegong Academy are "fans of the authorities." In the eyes of ordinary people, Li Dongyang is the elder of the cabinet, and Cheng Minzheng is still a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy. Why do they think that some questions can be answered by the elders instead of the elders of the Imperial Academy? Of the Hanlin bachelor's degree candidates, Cheng Minzheng is even more highly regarded by most people in their hearts for these two examiners.
But I am afraid
of those who are thoughtful.
Those who are familiar with the political situation between the DPRK and China will only think of the question once they encounter setbacks in an exam, such as in the historical exam of the 12th year of Hongzhi, when they encountered a difficult question like "The Achievements of Four Sons". It must have been Cheng Minzheng. When he was angry, he thought about the structure of the court and knew that Cheng Minzheng was suppressed, and then the dirty water could be poured out.
Of course, you also need to rely on people with big teeth and claws to incite hatred
For example, Xu Jing and Tang Yin, two scholars who don’t know how high the sky is.
But the reality that Zhang Zhou faced was that he had filled in the pitfalls of the historical exam questions for the 12th year of Hongzhi.
It is impossible for the fourth son’s attainment test questions to appear again, but who knows whether Cheng Minzheng will show off his talent and learning in the third policy test, especially the classics and history policy, and do a question An exam question that made all the candidates vomit blood
On the first day.
Zhang Zhou didn't even study the ink, so he wasn't in a hurry. He had read the questions and already had a rough draft of the article in his mind. There was no need to answer the questions directly on the exam paper. There was still a draft.
In fact, in the imperial examination, even if there is no draft, no one will care. After all, it is writing an article, not arithmetic problems that require calculation formulas, especially the exams at all levels before the provincial examination. How confident is it? There are many people who answer directly on the paper.
What scholars these days practice is "reading thousands of volumes and writing as if they were divine", and some even use this as a way to show off their talents.
Zhang Zhou doesn’t need to show off.
Just finish the examination in a down-to-earth manner. No matter whether he takes it or not, as long as he has an official position after the examination is over.
“It smells so good”
After dark, some candidates were still answering with candles.
On the other hand, Zhang Zhou was already grilling the bacon with red Luo charcoal and eating it. The bacon was grilled with the craftsmanship of Shang Shanjian. The aroma that spread out greatly made the candidates around him feel less worried about the exam.
Although they are all candidates.
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