Yundi believes that if the foundry in Qishan can understand the second step within three years and start to enter the fourth step five years later, it will be considered as doing something that is "too big a step and will be ridiculous" .
Long Xingyuan was puzzled by this. He frowned and said carefully, "Why do I think the fourth link is much easier?"
My family knew that I Family matters, he reacted when he saw the mobile phone Qing Yun took out.
What the young man in front of him wants to do is electronic products that are famous for their precision.
Even with the metal frame and internal panels of the mobile phone, to be honest, he didn’t have much confidence that he could get started immediately.
This kind of processing seems simple, but in fact it requires very high precision.
He also uses a mobile phone. If the frame has burrs or something, it would be a joke.
Qing Yun shook his head and patiently explained: "Brother Long, FATTP seems simple because it mainly involves assembly and testing.
But in fact it involves the entire supply chain Management, including material procurement, inventory management, production scheduling, quality control, etc., each step requires meticulous management and a lot of experience accumulation.
In this regard, Xiaodao may be leading, but short-term. We can't make up the time."
After hearing this, Long Xingyuan was still puzzled, "Mr. Xiaoqing, I still don't quite understand what you said. The same is true for the second link. Even if it is just a board, it involves so many things.
And... it should be said that labor and capital intensity are our strengths. ”
It's not that he's crazy, he thinks he's rich even if Qing Yun gives him a few hundred million in interest-free loans.
But because if we can really convince the leaders, especially Mr. Nanbo Wan of Sanqin Province, to let Qishan or more specifically the "Qinchuan-Yanhuang" consortium do this industry, then this consortium will be There is absolutely no shortage of money.
This is a move that can save Qishan, the second most economically powerful city in Sanqin Province, from decline.
Hearing this, Emperor Yun smiled and said, "Brother Long, you didn't notice that when I was talking about the fourth link, I mentioned a sentence, I said:
"The final assembly factory buys back the products from the first two links, assembles the final product in the production line, and tests and packages it to a salable standard. "
Original factory is the first choice. Supply materials, right? I provide you with structural parts and modules for you to assemble. What will you do if they are damaged?"
He raised his finger and shook it, and continued, "In other types of supply chains, if the things you make are not ready, you can throw them away and make no money.
But in the electronics industry, for assembly OEM, you are producing based on the parts I provide.
p>
If I buy something and ask you to assemble the product, if you assemble itNo, you have to pay compensation for things that are scrapped.
This is the yield rate that I have repeatedly emphasized before.
If the yield rate of suppliers in the first three links, raw materials, structural parts, and modules, drops by one point, for example, from 99% to 98%, it is equivalent to a loss of profit by one point. , it’s actually irrelevant.
But in FATTP, suppose you make 5 yuan by assembling a mobile phone, but if you destroy a mobile phone and unfortunately have to scrap some or all parts for repair, then you have to Compensation is 2,000 yuan.
This means that the 400 mobile phones you assembled before were all in vain. ”
In fact, in foundries, it is difficult to encounter direct failures.
What is really uncomfortable is the yield rate after quality control.
Specially Huawei and Apple are two OEMs that are known for their abnormal requirements. Any minor defects will be deemed as defective and scrapped.
Of course, it doesn’t matter if they are replaced by a grain factory.
You get what you pay for, and the grain factory emphasizes the ultimate cost-effectiveness. The suppliers in the first stage are not very good, so naturally they have no nerve to ask what happens to the final assembly factory later.
Consumers naturally want more bicycles because they are cheap enough.
For OEMs, what matters most is the yield rate of assembly and testing.
The key to ensuring quality products is quality management, and it is quality management with lower costs. This is the strength of small island companies represented by Foxconn, Quanta and Pegatron.
As an aside, Although everyone says that Foxconn is a sweatshop and workers' treatment is very average, the salary of their middle and lower-level management backbones, the so-called island managers, is not low at all. It far exceeds the income of the same level in domestic foundries, and the turnover rate is very low.
Because Foxconn knows that these small island management talents are the basis of their competitiveness.
What is the difficulty in foundry management?
Shou" Huawei dare not say about the "indescribable power" impact, because Huawei's foundry cannot say either.
From Apple's research and development process, the work of the foundry is divided into two stages.
The early stage is the trial production of new products, that is, npi (neproducttrodu), which is the part where investment is spent.
The later stage is the mass production and shipment of the product (mp). It is also the part that makes money.
What is the core of mass production?
Control costs, improve efficiency, and reduce defective rates.
These are the three points. p>
If in this part of the work, domestic foundries still have the capital to squeeze out the grassroots, then the NPI stage will completely depend on the management capabilities of the factory.
For Apple or anyone else. For a Party A, a foundry can only be qualified to do MP if it does npi, and the two are highly bound.
The logic is also very simple, such asIf everyone wants to eat meat instead of chewing bones, Apple will not be able to find anyone willing to be an NPI.
The reason why NPI is difficult to do is mainly to catch up with the market.
npi’s production time is short and labor-intensive. At the same time, because there is no mass production, all testing and assembly jigs are not finalized. A lot of them rely on manual work and experience. The confidentiality requirements of the entire production line are high, and most importantly What's more, there are many types of production and the demand changes greatly.
Apple’s product design will be developed in parallel using various technologies during the npi stage. At the same time, the design will be modified as it goes, and many materials will be arranged and combined in different ways on the production line through trial and error.
This requires the factory to have strong forward-looking planning and execution capabilities, and at the same time be able to change and optimize the production plan at any time.
Imagine being on a high-speed truck, changing parts while driving, and even changing the wheels when some vehicles are in the air. This kind of trial production model is very difficult for inexperienced managers. It's a disaster on the whole level.
The foundry is also in the trial production stage, so it must try its best to solve or define problems that may arise in mass production. It must clearly know whether it can achieve mass production according to the existing yield rate. To make money, where is the room for yield improvement and how big is it? Otherwise, you will lose money if you are not careful.
To put it simply, before entering mass production, the foundry will negotiate with Apple’s operations team.
What to talk about?
Talk about yield.
The foundry will set an acceptable yield rate based on the status of trial production and future improvement plans.
For example, 95%.
This 95% is the basis for Foxconn to earn US$1 per iPhone.
If the actual yield rate is only 94.5%, based on the 400 times leverage principle mentioned before, Foxconn may not make any money at all. If the yield rate is only 94%, then Foxconn will lose money. 93%...
Sorry, this will never happen in real life.
If the foundry finds that the yield rate is a little lower, they will choose to stop the line to solve the problem, and the loss of the line shutdown is often astronomical.
The Hammer’s Lao Luo suffered a loss in this step.
The foundry could not meet his requirements, and the hammer was too small, so no one wanted to give him a try.
But the opposite is true for yield. If the yield is a little higher, such as 95.5%, Foxconn's revenue may double.
If it can reach 96%, Foxconn’s revenue may reach ten times the forecast.
If it reaches 97%...
This will not happen either, because Apple will definitely re-sign the yield contract.
In this case, the competition among foundries is a naked yield competition.
As long as the yield rate of domestic foundries is a little lower, even if it is only 0.5% overall, they will be completely excluded from the competition.outside.
Unfortunately, when it comes to yield, you can only gain experience the more you do it.
That’s why Foxconn has reached the pinnacle in this regard.
Since Yundi wants to launch a sniper attack on Foxconn in the domestic market, he must continue to improve the yield rate.
So, even if Long Xingyuan and the others can barely reach the fourth stage and start to do final assembly, he will force them to practice their skills to perfection in the second stage.
“So, Brother Long, fatp needs to bear higher risks. Once there are quality problems in the product or changes in market demand, the first one to bear the brunt is the assembly plant.
There is not enough experience and preparation , it is easy to cause huge losses."
Yun Emperor tried to speak more sincerely to dispel Long Xingyuan's "catching up quickly" that was engraved in his bones.
There is nothing I can do, the man in front of me is Qin Chuan, a madman who started the overseas and buying era.
Twenty years later, this man went in, but left behind Qin Chuan, a world-leading grinder.
Those crimes that make people laugh so hard that they burst into tears are enough to prove:
This guy is completely ruthless in "doing great things without sacrificing his own life" people.
Listening to Qing Yun’s explanation, Long Xingyuan gradually understood the rationale.
He realized that every step Qing Yun said was necessary and laid the foundation for the next step.
“Mr. link."
Yun Emperor looked at him deeply, with a hint of complicated emotions in his eyes.
As expected.
He felt that Long Xingyuan could do a good job in the final assembly foundry, and Yu Guo had done a great job. Unexpectedly, what this man was thinking about was the third-stage module.
This is a man full of ambition and determination, a captain who dares to sail in wind and waves.
His mode of thinking is full of romanticism, which is a bit ridiculous, but at the same time it is also admirable.
In this world full of variables, there are not many people who can have such heroic ambitions.
"Brother Long, I hope that we can work together to face the challenges of the future."
"Then, Mr. Xiaoqing, let's start from here and start the journey of Qishan together." New chapter. "
......
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